The 5 skin types, explained
Your skin type describes how your skin behaves by default — specifically how much oil (sebum) it produces and how reactive it is. Knowing your type is the foundation of an effective routine: it determines which cleanser won't strip you, which moisturiser won't leave you greasy, and which actives your skin can tolerate. The most reliable way to identify your type is to watch how your skin feels a few hours after cleansing, before you apply anything.
Normal skin
Balanced skin that's neither noticeably oily nor dry. Pores are small to medium, breakouts are infrequent, and the skin tolerates most products well. Normal skin still needs sun protection and hydration to stay that way.
Tells: comfortable after cleansing, even tone, rarely reactive, low maintenance.
Dry skin
Skin that produces less oil than it needs, so it can feel tight, rough, or flaky — especially after cleansing or in cold weather. Dry skin benefits from gentle, non-stripping cleansers and richer moisturisers, and pairs well with hyaluronic acid to hold water in. Note that dry (a type) is different from dehydrated (a temporary lack of water that any type can have).
Tells: tight or flaky after washing, small pores, dullness, sensitivity to harsh actives.
Oily skin
Skin that overproduces sebum, looking shiny across the face — particularly the forehead, nose, and chin. Pores are often visible and breakouts more common. Oily skin does best with lightweight, non-comedogenic products and ingredients like niacinamide that help regulate oil. It still needs moisturiser — skipping it can make oiliness worse.
Tells: shiny by midday, enlarged pores, frequent breakouts, makeup slides off.
Combination skin
The most common type — an oily T-zone (forehead, nose, chin) with normal-to-dry cheeks. The challenge is treating two areas with different needs, which often means lighter products on the T-zone and richer ones on the cheeks. Getting your routine order right matters most for this type.
Tells: shiny T-zone but dry or normal cheeks, mixed pore sizes, breakouts mostly on the nose and forehead.
Sensitive skin
Skin that reacts easily — with redness, stinging, burning, or itching — to products, weather, or friction. Sensitivity can overlay any of the other four types. The priority is protecting and repairing the skin barrier, using fragrance-free formulas, and introducing actives slowly. Learning to read ingredient labels is especially valuable here.
Tells: frequent redness or stinging, reacts to new products, flares in heat/cold, easily irritated.